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Burley Pit

Permission to reproduce the following articles have kindly been granted by Fionn Taylor Thank You.

You can visit Fionn's Web Site www.fionn.org.uk

Apedale colliery, the Burley pit (c. 1850-1926) in early 1900’s. This photograph shows the bridge carrying the tub-way from the Watermills colliery to the Burley screens. There is a tub on it. The railway line on the left is the line through Miry Wood to Podmore Hall and the Minnie pit. From the mixed collection of dumb-buffer and spring-buffer wagons standing in the screen roads, this photograph could date from the early 1900’s.

 

The terrific report of an explosion was heard by the inhabitants of Chesterton and the district around Apedale, which was followed by a shock, and rumbling noises, much resembling an earthquake. Indeed it was said that the earth for some considerable distance from the pit was shaken violently for some seconds.

The people of Chesterton ran in all directions, inquiring of their neighbours what had caused such a report.

The real cause was soon to be known all over the locality.


Burley Pit was part of Apedale colliery (c.. 1850 and 1926).
This photograph was taken by Thomas Warham.

Then hundreds of people men, women and children flocked to the scene of the catastrophe many of them relatives of the unfortunate men who had gone to work that morning.

The scene at the colliery was awful in the extreme. Ninety men were in the workings at that time. A short time elapsed and all the men with the exception of thirty were got up the shaft. By 5 pm. the sad news of the disaster had become pretty well known in the neighbourhood and hundreds of people had assembled at the pithead, all anxious to see what could be seen and to ascertain what could be done for the missing men.

Thirty men who had descended the pit with no thought of any unusual danger, were beyond human reach and the question was, had they been burnt to death or suffocated, or were they concealed and anxiously waiting to be rescued.

It was found that to get to any of the others in the workings, exploration was necessary, but the explosion had caused quantities of coal and debris to fall, timbers had been blown out, wagons had been overturned and roadways were blocked up, making it impossible to penetrate to where the missing men were. There were indications that the pit was on fire, and the men had to be burnt or suffocated.

A horse was found dead and terribly burnt. Two of the men were found seriously injured and brought to the surface. Another five were found and brought to the surface before 9 pm. their names being: -

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Caleb Walley
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John Walley (his son)
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Joseph Baggalay
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William Bostock a boy.

Gangs of rescuers were organised to see what was the fate of the remaining men. Captain Edward Heathcote of Apedale Hall and Mr. R. Wood of Bignall End and two Justices of the Peace were present and other managers were in attendance to render assistance or give advice.

The pit is 488 yards deep and is a fiery one. The disaster is supposed to have been caused by a blasting shot igniting a quantity of accumulated gas.

Great gloom covered the village of Apedale; the mouth of the pit had a pitiful appearance late in the evening. Wives were there, and fathers and sons all waiting hopefully to see the cage come to the surface with relatives. The opinion was that there could not be anyone alive in the pit, but the relatives maintained a hope that their loved ones might still emerge from the pit and appear in the land of the living.

Prominent amongst many other dangers, there was a large body of gas confined in the workings, the tapping of which required very great care owing to the pressure under which it was confined. Also the probability of smouldering fires being present in the workings, and the danger of them being fanned into a flame by the current of air which was being used for the purpose of clearing the workings of noxious gases.

The pithead presented a very busy scene during the night, some thousands of people anxiously waiting for news then a sixth disfigured corpse was brought up at tea time Wednesday.

One of the other workings a year or two ago had been the scene of an explosion and these workings had been sealed off and on a subsequent attempt to open it up again, fire was discovered to be still raging - evidence of the fiery nature of the mine.

The place where the missing men were working was 150 yards from the pit bottom and falls of coal and debris would have to be removed before they could be reached. It was estimated this could take about two or three weeks and there was no hope of them being brought out alive. The five men whose bodies were recovered were working close to the furnace at the pit bottom.

Link to more mining memories

http://www.healeyhero.co.uk/rescue/individual/john_lumsdon2.htm

 Sladder Hill Pit Disaster

The colliery district of Apedale near Newcastle, which had in the past contributed somewhat heavily in the death-role resulting from colliery disasters in North Staffordshire was on Thursday 2nd April 1891 the scene of another disastrous explosion, whereby eight men and two boys were killed. The explosion took place at the Sladder Hill pit, which, with other collieries in the neighbourhood was worked by the Midland Coal, Coke and Iron Company, of which Mr. W.Y. Craig was the managing director.
The pit was situated within a hundred yards of the company's Burley colliery where previous disastrous explosions had occurred.Three seams of coal were worked at this colliery, the lowest, where the explosion took place being the Bullhurst, which had proved formally to be of a fiery character. Two shafts reached the seam, about 200 yards in depth, and the scene of the explosion was about half a mile from the pit mouth, in the direction of the Apedale Hall. The explosion was not attended by the harrowing spectacles, which were usually seen on the occurrence of such disasters, as it took place during the night shift, and there was no indication of anything unusual apparent on the pit bank.

The first intimation obtained of the accident was when a fresh shift of men were lowered at about quarter to nine. They were proceeding to relieve the men and boys employed in the Bullhurst. They noticed that the customary ventilation of the workings had changed; they re-ascended the shaft and reported the circumstances. Mr. S. Lawton, the manager of the pit and Mr. W. H. Wain, of the companies Podmore Hall Collieries, was at once communicated with. They descended the mine accompanied by several officials and on penetrated the workings they found that an explosion had taken place which had blown out some of the stoppings, caused several falls of roof, and had thus interrupted the ventilation. They then proceeded to repair the air current, and about half past eleven, were able to reach the face of the workings.

About one o clock Mr, W.N.Atkinson, Her Majesty's Inspector of Mines, arrived and the exploration was continued. The eight men and two boys who had been at work when the explosion occurred were found killed in their working places. That the explosion had been a violent one was evident from the mutilated conditions of several of the bodies, which had met with its full force, and the appearance of the workings in the vicinity. The effects of the explosion did not extend more than 300 yards from the spot where it originated, and this accounted for the men engaged on the pit bank not being aware of the occurrence.

Reliefs of men were engaged during the night in restoring the condition of the mine and recovering the bodies which, by ten o'clock Friday morning, were all recovered and brought to the surface. They were removed to the carpenter's shop and laid out for identification. The bodies, as they lay in the temporary mortuary, presented a saddening spectacle. George Hall was the only one who escaped charring or mutilation, his death probably being caused by the effects of afterdamp. The terrible destructive energy of the blast was visible in the broken limbs and other injuries sustained by the other unfortunate miners.


Most of the bodies were also badly burnt. About twelve months previously all the men and boys employed on the Apedale collieries, decided to join the North Staffordshire Coal and Ironstone Workers Permanent Relief Society, so that the wives and families of those killed in this explosion received financial aid on the scale in force. Mr. R. Green, the secretary of the Society paid the funeral allowance due to the relatives concerned.

The results of the examination, as to the cause of the explosion, made by the Government Inspector, along with all the officials who were engaged in the mine, was to be made known when the inquest was held.

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The names of those killed:-
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George Hall age 34 married three children
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John Warburton age 40 married no children
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Arnold Allen age 14 single
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Joseph Birch age 20 single
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James Holland age 33 married no children
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William H. Oakley age 19 single
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George Wetnall age 19 single
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Fred Webb age 26 married
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Sampson Knight age 41 married seven children
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Richard Parsons age 14 single
On Thursday morning, 16th April, Mr. J. Booth, Coroner, resumed the inquiry at the Red Lion Inn, Chesterton. Mr. W.H. Emery was the foreman of the jury.
The first witness was the general manager for the company, Mr. Wain; he gave a description of the ventilation, the layout of the pit and the work done over the previous twelve months. Marsaut's safety lamps being used and shot firing being allowed, using gunpowder, roburite and gelignite: but since about four months previously, when they were blasting with roburite in the return of another district, gunpowder was prohibited from being taken down the pit. On the 31st of March, running short of roburite, they allowed the water cartridge to be used and both had been used up to the accident.

On being advised of the explosion Mr. Wain descended the pit, and in the company of Mr Lawton, the manager went some distance along the main level until they were stopped by the afterdamp. They then proceeded to restore the ventilation and were able to penetrate to the far end. They found at the bottom of No 4 jig that all the stoppings were blown in towards the main return. The timber in places was blown out and there were falls of coal and dirt from the roof and sides. At the bottom of No 10 thirling they came across the body of a horse, which appeared to have been burnt and had its gears blown off. Mr. Wain pointed out the spots where the bodies lay and said that Warbuton, the fireman, had a lamp close to him and had some fuse in his hand. There was a can containing gelignite cartridges and some water bags close to, and afterwards they found a piece of burnt fuse and more bags.
Of the deceased, Webb, Oakley and Hall were not burnt, but all the rest were, more or less. Under cross-examination, Mr, Wain said under certain conditions there was flame from an explosion of roburite and gelignite.

The Inspector examined Mr Wain at great length, and he said Warbuton's lamp was unlocked, and drew the conclusion from that, that he had fired the shot with an open lamp, which was an infringement of the rules of the colliery.
He could not say whether this had been a blown out shot although there were no traces of a bag in the shot hole. The charges had been exploded by means of a fuse. There were more witnesses examined regarding firing gelignite with or without water and the inquiry was adjourned for a week.

On the 25th April after a searching investigation lasting two days the jury, who have inquired into the circumstances attending the loss of ten lives in the explosion on the 2nd April, returned a verdict of accidental death, combined with grave censure for laxity and neglect in the management.

The jury found that the origin of the explosion was a blown out shot, in one of the last thirlings, and although they did not consider the pit to be a dry and dusty one, they had the prepared evidence of the government Inspector of Mines before them, attributing the explosion to the ignition of coal dust and a small percentage of gas, by flame proceeding from the shot hole. There was much reason to fear that the shot had been charged with gelignite in a dry state, though it was a flame producing explosive when not used in conjunction with a water cartridge.

The fireman who charged and fired the shot was one of the victims of the explosion: but the evidence of a fireman and a number of colliers who worked in the seam went to show that gelignite had been used previous to the explosion in a dry state, without the necessary precautions being taken in enclosing it in a water cartridge. The officials of the colliery asserted that this reckless use of gelignite, if it did take place, was contrary to their instructions: though the jury did not attach criminal responsibility to anyone they condemned the carelessness, which appeared to have prevailed.

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