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Burley Pit
Permission to reproduce the following
articles have kindly been granted by Fionn Taylor Thank You.
You can visit Fionn's Web Site
www.fionn.org.uk

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Apedale colliery, the Burley pit (c. 1850-1926) in early 1900’s.
This photograph shows the bridge carrying the tub-way from the
Watermills colliery to the Burley screens. There is a tub on it. The
railway line on the left is the line through Miry Wood to Podmore
Hall and the Minnie pit. From the mixed collection of dumb-buffer
and spring-buffer wagons standing in the screen roads, this
photograph could date from the early 1900’s. |
The terrific
report of an explosion was heard by the
inhabitants of Chesterton and the
district around Apedale, which was
followed by a shock, and rumbling
noises, much resembling an earthquake.
Indeed it was said that the earth for
some considerable distance from the pit
was shaken violently for some seconds.
The people of
Chesterton ran in all directions,
inquiring of their neighbours what had
caused such a report.
The real
cause was soon to be known all over the
locality.
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Burley Pit was
part of Apedale colliery (c.. 1850 and
1926).
This photograph was taken by Thomas
Warham.
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Then
hundreds of people men, women and children flocked
to the scene of the catastrophe many of them
relatives of the unfortunate men who had gone to
work that morning.
The scene
at the colliery was awful in the extreme. Ninety men
were in the workings at that time. A short time
elapsed and all the men with the exception of thirty
were got up the shaft. By 5 pm. the sad news of the
disaster had become pretty well known in the
neighbourhood and hundreds of people had assembled
at the pithead, all anxious to see what could be
seen and to ascertain what could be done for the
missing men.
Thirty
men who had descended the pit with no thought of any
unusual danger, were beyond human reach and the
question was, had they been burnt to death or
suffocated, or were they concealed and anxiously
waiting to be rescued.
It was
found that to get to any of the others in the
workings, exploration was necessary, but the
explosion had caused quantities of coal and debris
to fall, timbers had been blown out, wagons had been
overturned and roadways were blocked up, making it
impossible to penetrate to where the missing men
were. There were indications that the pit was on
fire, and the men had to be burnt or suffocated.
A horse
was found dead and terribly burnt. Two of the men
were found seriously injured and brought to the
surface. Another five were found and brought to the
surface before 9 pm. their names being: -
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Caleb Walley
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John Walley (his son)
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Joseph Baggalay
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William Bostock a
boy.
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Gangs of
rescuers were organised to see what was the fate of
the remaining men. Captain Edward Heathcote of
Apedale Hall and Mr. R. Wood of Bignall End and two
Justices of the Peace were present and other
managers were in attendance to render assistance or
give advice.
The pit
is 488 yards deep and is a fiery one. The disaster
is supposed to have been caused by a blasting shot
igniting a quantity of accumulated gas.
Great
gloom covered the village of Apedale; the mouth of
the pit had a pitiful appearance late in the
evening. Wives were there, and fathers and sons all
waiting hopefully to see the cage come to the
surface with relatives. The opinion was that there
could not be anyone alive in the pit, but the
relatives maintained a hope that their loved ones
might still emerge from the pit and appear in the
land of the living.
Prominent
amongst many other dangers, there was a large body
of gas confined in the workings, the tapping of
which required very great care owing to the pressure
under which it was confined. Also the probability of
smouldering fires being present in the workings, and
the danger of them being fanned into a flame by the
current of air which was being used for the purpose
of clearing the workings of noxious gases.
The
pithead presented a very busy scene during the
night, some thousands of people anxiously waiting
for news then a sixth disfigured corpse was brought
up at tea time Wednesday.
One of
the other workings a year or two ago had been the
scene of an explosion and these workings had been
sealed off and on a subsequent attempt to open it up
again, fire was discovered to be still raging -
evidence of the fiery nature of the mine.
The place
where the missing men were working was 150 yards
from the pit bottom and falls of coal and debris
would have to be removed before they could be
reached. It was estimated this could take about two
or three weeks and there was no hope of them being
brought out alive. The five men whose bodies were
recovered were working close to the furnace at the
pit bottom.
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Link to more mining memories
http://www.healeyhero.co.uk/rescue/individual/john_lumsdon2.htm
Sladder Hill Pit Disaster
| The colliery
district of Apedale near Newcastle, which had in the
past contributed somewhat heavily in the death-role
resulting from colliery disasters in North Staffordshire
was on Thursday 2nd April 1891 the scene of another
disastrous explosion, whereby eight men and two boys
were killed. The explosion took place at the Sladder
Hill pit, which, with other collieries in the
neighbourhood was worked by the Midland Coal, Coke and
Iron Company, of which Mr. W.Y. Craig was the managing
director. |
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The pit was situated
within a hundred yards of the company's Burley
colliery where previous disastrous explosions had
occurred.Three seams of coal were worked at this
colliery, the lowest, where the explosion took place
being the Bullhurst, which had proved formally to be
of a fiery character. Two shafts reached the seam,
about 200 yards in depth, and the scene of the
explosion was about half a mile from the pit mouth,
in the direction of the Apedale Hall. The explosion
was not attended by the harrowing spectacles, which
were usually seen on the occurrence of such
disasters, as it took place during the night shift,
and there was no indication of anything unusual
apparent on the pit bank.
The first intimation
obtained of the accident was when a fresh shift of
men were lowered at about quarter to nine. They were
proceeding to relieve the men and boys employed in
the Bullhurst. They noticed that the customary
ventilation of the workings had changed; they
re-ascended the shaft and reported the
circumstances. Mr. S. Lawton, the manager of the pit
and Mr. W. H. Wain, of the companies Podmore Hall
Collieries, was at once communicated with. They
descended the mine accompanied by several officials
and on penetrated the workings they found that an
explosion had taken place which had blown out some
of the stoppings, caused several falls of roof, and
had thus interrupted the ventilation. They then
proceeded to repair the air current, and about half
past eleven, were able to reach the face of the
workings.
About one o clock Mr,
W.N.Atkinson, Her Majesty's Inspector of Mines,
arrived and the exploration was continued. The eight
men and two boys who had been at work when the
explosion occurred were found killed in their
working places. That the explosion had been a
violent one was evident from the mutilated
conditions of several of the bodies, which had met
with its full force, and the appearance of the
workings in the vicinity. The effects of the
explosion did not extend more than 300 yards from
the spot where it originated, and this accounted for
the men engaged on the pit bank not being aware of
the occurrence.
Reliefs of men were
engaged during the night in restoring the condition
of the mine and recovering the bodies which, by ten
o'clock Friday morning, were all recovered and
brought to the surface. They were removed to the
carpenter's shop and laid out for identification.
The bodies, as they lay in the temporary mortuary,
presented a saddening spectacle. George Hall was the
only one who escaped charring or mutilation, his
death probably being caused by the effects of
afterdamp. The terrible destructive energy of the
blast was visible in the broken limbs and other
injuries sustained by the other unfortunate miners.
Most of the bodies were also badly burnt. About
twelve months previously all the men and boys
employed on the Apedale collieries, decided to join
the North Staffordshire Coal and Ironstone Workers
Permanent Relief Society, so that the wives and
families of those killed in this explosion received
financial aid on the scale in force. Mr. R. Green,
the secretary of the Society paid the funeral
allowance due to the relatives concerned.
The results of the
examination, as to the cause of the explosion, made
by the Government Inspector, along with all the
officials who were engaged in the mine, was to be
made known when the inquest was held.
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The names of those
killed:-
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George Hall age 34
married three children
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John Warburton age 40
married no children
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Arnold Allen age 14
single
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Joseph Birch age 20
single
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James Holland age 33
married no children
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William H. Oakley age
19 single
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George Wetnall age 19
single
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Fred Webb age 26
married
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Sampson Knight age 41
married seven children
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Richard Parsons age
14 single
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On Thursday morning, 16th
April, Mr. J. Booth, Coroner, resumed the inquiry at
the Red Lion Inn, Chesterton. Mr. W.H. Emery was the
foreman of the jury.
The first witness was the general manager for the
company, Mr. Wain; he gave a description of the
ventilation, the layout of the pit and the work done
over the previous twelve months. Marsaut's safety
lamps being used and shot firing being allowed,
using gunpowder, roburite and gelignite: but since
about four months previously, when they were
blasting with roburite in the return of another
district, gunpowder was prohibited from being taken
down the pit. On the 31st of March, running short of
roburite, they allowed the water cartridge to be
used and both had been used up to the accident.
On being advised of the
explosion Mr. Wain descended the pit, and in the
company of Mr Lawton, the manager went some distance
along the main level until they were stopped by the
afterdamp. They then proceeded to restore the
ventilation and were able to penetrate to the far
end. They found at the bottom of No 4 jig that all
the stoppings were blown in towards the main return.
The timber in places was blown out and there were
falls of coal and dirt from the roof and sides. At
the bottom of No 10 thirling they came across the
body of a horse, which appeared to have been burnt
and had its gears blown off. Mr. Wain pointed out
the spots where the bodies lay and said that
Warbuton, the fireman, had a lamp close to him and
had some fuse in his hand. There was a can
containing gelignite cartridges and some water bags
close to, and afterwards they found a piece of burnt
fuse and more bags.
Of the deceased, Webb, Oakley and Hall were not
burnt, but all the rest were, more or less. Under
cross-examination, Mr, Wain said under certain
conditions there was flame from an explosion of
roburite and gelignite.
The Inspector examined
Mr Wain at great length, and he said Warbuton's lamp
was unlocked, and drew the conclusion from that,
that he had fired the shot with an open lamp, which
was an infringement of the rules of the colliery.
He could not say whether this had been a blown out
shot although there were no traces of a bag in the
shot hole. The charges had been exploded by means of
a fuse. There were more witnesses examined regarding
firing gelignite with or without water and the
inquiry was adjourned for a week.
On the 25th April
after a searching investigation lasting two days the
jury, who have inquired into the circumstances
attending the loss of ten lives in the explosion on
the 2nd April, returned a verdict of accidental
death, combined with grave censure for laxity and
neglect in the management.
The jury found that
the origin of the explosion was a blown out shot, in
one of the last thirlings, and although they did not
consider the pit to be a dry and dusty one, they had
the prepared evidence of the government Inspector of
Mines before them, attributing the explosion to the
ignition of coal dust and a small percentage of gas,
by flame proceeding from the shot hole. There was
much reason to fear that the shot had been charged
with gelignite in a dry state, though it was a flame
producing explosive when not used in conjunction
with a water cartridge.
The fireman who
charged and fired the shot was one of the victims of
the explosion: but the evidence of a fireman and a
number of colliers who worked in the seam went to
show that gelignite had been used previous to the
explosion in a dry state, without the necessary
precautions being taken in enclosing it in a water
cartridge. The officials of the colliery asserted
that this reckless use of gelignite, if it did take
place, was contrary to their instructions: though
the jury did not attach criminal responsibility to
anyone they condemned the carelessness, which
appeared to have prevailed.
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